Neuropsychology of amnesia
In this lecture
Before we embark on our study of amnesia
Forms of memory: Larry Squire's memory taxonomy
Forgetting
Before looking at the anatomy and clinical aspects of amnesia
We will focus on some important characteristics
The French neurologist Ribot discovered more than 100 years ago that in retrograde amnesia one tends to loose recent memories Memory loss gradients in RA are called Ribot gradients
PPT Slide
An example of retrograde amnesia patient data
Neuroanatomy of amnesia
The TraceLink model is an abstraction of these areas
The position of the hippocampus in the brain
There are two hippocampi in the brain!
Parahippocampal gyrus and other structures
Connections to and from the hippocampus
Anatomy of the hippocampus
Connectivity within the hippocampus
Diencephalon: dorsomedial nucleus and the mammillary bodies
Connectionist modelling
Example of a simple heteroassociative memory of the Willshaw type
Example of pattern retrieval
Example of successful pattern completion using a subpattern
Example graceful degradation: small lesions have small effects
Trace-Link model: structure
System 1: Trace system
System 2: Link system
System 3: Modulatory system
Stages in episodic learning
Retrograde amnesia
Anterograde amnesia
Semantic dementia
Neuropsychology of semantic dementia
Semantic dementia in TraceLink
No consolidation in semantic dementia
Clinical presentation of amnesia
Clinical presentation of amnesia (con'd)
Rehabilitation of amnesia
Comments on the chapter
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